Penal Substitution=Cosmic Child Abuse?
by Is God a bloodthirsty sadist?Is God guilty of cosmic child abuse? Apparently He is, if Penal Substitution is true (at least according to some people). …
Category: Atonement
Penal Substitution=Universalism or Limited Atonement?
Does Penal Substitution require that everyone be saved? After all, if Jesus paid for the sins of everyone, that means that everyone’s sins are paid …
The Innocent for the Guilty?
If Penal Substitution is true, then the innocent would have taken the punishment for the guilty. A refutation against PSA is that this cannot happen. …
The Death of Jesus was Enough
One of the refutations against Penal Substitution is that the payment of Jesus would be insufficient to cover every sin for every person who has …
Penal Substitution is NOT new!
One of the refutations against the idea of Penal Substitutionary Atonement (PSA) is that it is a new doctrine. Some (Brian Zandh, for example) claim …
The Wrath of God in Penal Substitution
Is God an enraged, sadistic, out-of-control tyrant? Some people reject Penal Substitutionary Atonement because they don’t like the idea of God’s wrath. Of course, we …
Penal Substitution in Isaiah 53
Of all the biblical passages that touch on the idea of penal substitution, Isaiah 53 is the king. In it, the “suffering servant” is clearly …
Penal Substitution IS in the Bible!
It has become the popular thing to disregard the idea of penal substitution. Starting with this video, we will look at several rebuttals that people …
Penal Substitution: The Heart of the Atonement
Penal Substitution, although under attack, stands at the heart of the atonement. Without it, all theology crumbles. In this video, we look at the necessity …
The Moral Influence Theory of the Atonement
The moral influence theory (moral example theory) of the atonement, attributed to Abelard and Schleiermacher, basically states that the life and death of Jesus served …